stty
stty can be used to change terminal settings as needed, and has many
uses. Use 'man stty' for a full description.
stty erase ^H ^H will now act is backspace
yes
yes may seem useless at first, because all it will do is repeat the word
'yes' (or any argument you give it) as fast as it can. However, in case
a particular program requires the user to answer 'yes' to a long set of
questions, it can be helpful, as in:
yes | survey
biff
Named after a programmer's dog who would bark when the mail arrived.
This program will interrupt whatever else is running the moment any
new mail arrives.
biff yes activates biff
biff no turns it off
write/talk
These programs are basically self-explanatory. An important detail,
however, is that other users can be denied the ability to send text
to your screen.
mesg n you can't be disturbed by talk or write
mesg y talk requests and text will come through
clear
Clears the screen. On many systems, control-L does this too.
script
Records all text that appears on the screen, and saves it to a file called
'typescript'. The script will continue until it receives a ^D or 'exit'
command.
nohup
Used to allow a program to run, even after the user logs out. Output
from the program will be saved to the file 'nohup.out'.
lpr
Line PrinteR. Will attempt to print a file to the UNIX system's line
printer. Note that this cannot be reconfigured to print to a local
machine.
lpq
Line Printer Queue -- show status of printer.
ssh
Secure Shell.
Use to connect to another machine using encryption. Useful when
working on a group of related machines.
tar
archives files and directories. Most common usage:
tar -xvf stuff.tar Extracts files from 'stuff.tar'
gzip
compression program, very commonly used. Can decompress files with
a .gz or .Z suffix.
gzip -u file.gz Decompresses 'file.gz' into 'file'
gcc
C compiler. Compiles and links C code into object files and executables.
gcc myfile.c Compile into a.out
gcc myfile.c -o myfile Compile into myfile
gcc myfile.c -o myfile -lm ...and link with math functions
Not all of these commands are used frequently, and some are redundant, but
the commands outlined here are enough to allow a person to be extremely
efficient (not to mention comfortable) in UNIX. Use this as a reference, when
needed, and work towards learning what most of these commands do. All of them
are useful, so knowing them can't hurt, if you have the time. For more
complete information about any of these commands, use the 'man' command.
Courtesy of Aaron Gage