Basic commands for UNIX that ought to be known: Directories, information: ------------------------- ls LiSt. Shows contents of current directory. cd Change Directory mv MoVe. Moves a file (leaves no copy). cp CoPy. Like mv, but leaves a copy. mkdir MaKe DIRectory rm ReMove. Delete, cannot be undeleted. rmdir ReMove Directory pwd Print Working Directory chmod Change permissions. du Disk Use. Shows totals in kilobytes. System Information: ------------------- w Who. Lists users, login times, and status. who Lists users, and login sites. finger Shows personal information. date Shows current date and time. uptime Shows system status, and load averages. man MANual pages. Complete online reference. ps ProceSses. Show what programs are being run. top Shows top users of CPU and RAM Task Management: ---------------- ^C Standard interrupt ^D End of Text (EOT) ^Z Stop current program fg ForeGround (resume) a program bg BackGround (resume at low priority) a program kill Terminate a stopped program jobs List all running or stopped programs. & Run in background (append at program start). File Manipulation: ------------------ more View a file, one screen at a time less View a file. Like more, but better cat CATenate. Copy a given input to a given output grep Get Regular Expression and Print. Search files. head Show the first lines of a file tail Show the last lines of a file touch Update last change on file vi Visual editor. Standard for UNIX. Plumbing: --------- > Redirect output to a file >> Append output to a file 2> Redirect errors to a file (sh and bash) < Send file as input | Send output of one program to input of next Communications: --------------- telnet Connect to another computer ftp File Transfer Protocol ^S Hold Screen ^Q Release Screen stty Change terminal settings write Send text to another user's screen talk Enter split-screen chat mode with another user Other: ------ yes Repeats 'yes' infinitely biff Lets you know when new mail has arrived clear Clears the screen script Make a log of what appears on the screen nohup Let a process run after logging out lpr Print lpq Check print queue rlogin Remote login tar Tape ARchive. Used to consolodate files. gzip Compress/Decompress files (.gz extension) gcc C compiler